在组织机构和协同社会群体公益活动的操作过程中，管理工作者要依从博奈、控制系统、经济效益及适当等基本上概念，借助逻辑推理和感性推论等基本上方式，借助于行政权和组织机构人文等基本上辅助工具。
In the process of organizing and coordinating group activities, managers must follow basic principles such as human subjects, systems, benefits and moderate, using basic methods such as rational analysis and intuitive judgment, with basic tools such as power and organizational culture.
一、管理工作的基本上概念
管理工作的基本上概念是管理工作者在组织机构管理工作公益活动的实践中要依从的基本上规律性。那些规律性主要就有博奈基本上原理、控制系统基本上原理、经济效益基本上原理和适当基本上原理。
(一）博奈基本上原理
组织机构是人的集合体，组织机构公益活动是由人来进行的,组织机构公益活动的管理工作既是对人的管理工作，也是通过人进行的管理工作。人是组织机构的中心，也是管理工作的中心，博奈基本上原理当是管理工作的首要基本上原理。
(二)控制系统基本上原理
控制系统是指由若干相互依存、相互作用的要素或子控制系统组合而成的具有特定功能的有机整体。客观世界中存在形形色色的控制系统。根据不同的标准，控制系统可以分成不同类型。从控制系统形成方式看，可分为自然控制系统与人造控制系统。自然控制系统是由自然物质组成的控制系统，人造控制系统则是人为了实现某种目的而有意识建立的控制系统。从控制系统是否与环境交互作用看，可分成封闭控制系统和开放控制系统。封闭控制系统是指不与外界进行物质、信息、能量交换的控制系统，开放控制系统则在存在与运行操作过程中不断地与外界发生交互作用。从控制系统状态是否发生变化这个角度来分析，可以分成静态控制系统和动态控制系统。静态控制系统的结构和状态不随时间而改变，动态控制系统的结构和状态随时间而改变。显然，我们研究的组织机构、组织机构所从事的公益活动和对组织机构公益活动的管理工作都是人造、开放、动态的控制系统类型。
(三)经济效益基本上原理
任何组织机构在任何时期的存在都是为了实现一定的目标。同时,任何组织机构在任何时期的目标公益活动都需要组合和借助一定的资源，从而付出一定的代价。经济效益是指组织机构目标的实现与实现组织机构目标所付代价之间的一种比例关系。追求组织机构公益活动的经济效益就是尽量以较少的资源消耗去实现组织机构的既定目标。
I. Basic principle of management
The basic principle of management is the basic laws that managers must follow in the practice of organizing management activities. These regularities are mainly principled, system principles, benefits principles, and moderate principles.
(1) Human principles
Organization is a human aggregate, organizational activity is carried out by people, and the management of organizational activities is both the management of people and through people. People are the center of the organization, and the center of management, the principle of humanbook is the primary principle of management.
(2) System principle
The system refers to an organic whole with a plurality of interdependence, interacting elements or subsystems. Objective world has a variety of systems. According to different standards, the system can be divided into different types. From the system formation method, it can be divided into natural systems and artificial systems. The natural system is a system consisting of natural substances, and the artificial system is a system that is consciously established in order to achieve some purpose. From the system interaction, it can be divided into a closed system and an open system. The closed system refers to a system that does not perform substances, information, energy exchange with the outside, and the open system is constantly interacting with the outside world during existence. Analysis from whether the system state changes this angle, it can be divided into static systems and dynamic systems. The structure and status of the static system do not change over time, the structure and state of the dynamic system changes over time. Obviously, our organization, organizations, and management of organizational activities are artificial, open, dynamic system types.
(3) Benefit principle
Any organization in any period is to achieve a certain goal. At the same time, any organization in any period is needed to combine and use a certain resource to pay a certain price. Benefits refers to an integral relationship between organizational goals and a proportional relationship between the cost payment payable. The benefits of pursuing organizational activities are to achieve the established target of the organization with less resource consumption.
二、管理工作的基本上方式
管理工作者在组织机构管理工作公益活动的操作过程中，需要借助于大量的方式。根据管理工作对象的不
同，那些方式包括与人有关的管理工作方式、与物有关的管理工作方式、与资金管理工作有关的管理工作方式和与公益活动组织有关的管理工作方式;根据公益活动选择与组织机构实施的阶段不同，那些方式涉及方案的制定、方案的比较、方案的组织机构实施和实施操作过程中的控制;根据管理工作的层次，那些方式可分成宏观的管理工作方式、中观的管理工作方式和微观的管理工作方法;根据属性的不同，管理工作方式可分成法律方式、行政方式、经济方式和教育方式;等等。抽象地看，那些方式或者以逻辑推理为基础，或者以感性推论为依据。
Second, the basic method of management
Managers need a large number of methods in the process of organizing management activities. According to the management object
With these methods, these methods include management methods related to people, relevant management methods related to objects, management methods related to capital management, and management methods related to activities; different phases depending on the activity selection and organizational implementation, these methods involve programs Develop, schemes, organizational implementation, and control during the implementation process; Divided into legal methods, administrative methods, economic methods, and education methods; Abstractively, these methods are based on rational analysis, or based on intuitive judgment.
本文由learningyard新辅仁原创，如有侵权请联系沟通~
》 高等教育出版社
