概要简述：ASME B16.11国际标准中冲压管路台、承插管路台和套管管路台间的差别。
Easy Peasy: The differences between weldolet, sockolet, and threadolet.
甚么是冲压管路台、承插管路台和套管管路台？
What are weldolet, sockolet, and threadolet?
在详尽介绍那些组件以后，关键的是要晓得它是管线控制系统的一小部分，用作相连控制系统的顾问和控制系统的适当管路。换句话说，它是代替现代相连的组件，如90度和45度组成部分的Merlebach和TE。
Before going into the details of each of these parts, it is important to know that they are part of a piping system and are used to make connections between the main pipe of the system and the corresponding branches of the system.In other words, they are pieces that replace traditional connections such as elbows and TE’s for 90 and 45-degree branches.
冲压管路台、承插管路台和套管管路台等相连件的主要就特征主要就包括：
The main features of connections such as weldolet, sockolet, and threadolet include:
它比现代的管粮、踝关节、祭坛等体积更小，因而在控制系统中挤占的内部空间更小。They are smaller in size than traditional tees, elbows, crosses etc, so they take up less space in the system.它冲压到顾问上，并相连到管路上，能冲压或套管相连。They are welded to the main pipe and to connect to the branches they can be welded or threaded.它通常用不同的材料锻造，如碳钢A105、不锈钢316、钢和镍合金，如合金20。They are usually forged in different materials such as carbon steel A105, stainless steel 316, steel and nickel alloys such as Alloy20.
在上述特征中，最大的差别在于它与适当分流器的相连方式。让我们详尽看看每一个，以更好地理解它的差别。
Of the above features, the one that offers the biggest difference is the way they are connected to the corresponding shunt. Let’s look at each in detail to better understand what their differences are.
冲压管路台（BW-OUTLET）
Weldolet (BW-OUTLET)
冲压管路台被认为是该组中最受欢迎的，通常被归类为对焊式相连（BW对焊）。该分类指的是在安装过程中与管路对接冲压的斜面出口。冲压管路台非常适合用加强相连件替换90度管路上的管粮，该相连件通过减少管路形状和体积引起的应力集中来保护管路。其斜面端允许通过对焊轻松安装在先前切割的顾问和管路上，词“Merlebach”，意思是Merlebach，允许这种类型的对接冲压甚至套管相连。主要就应用通常在热井和仪表相连中。
The weldolet is considered the most popular of the group and is often classified as a buttweld type connection (BW buttweld). This classification refers to its beveled outlet that is butt-welded to the branch pipe during installation.The weldolet is ideal for replacing a tee on 90-degree branches with a reinforced connection that protects the branch pipe by reducing stress concentration due to its shape and size.Its beveled ends allow an easy installation by BW welding on the previously cut main and on the branch pipe which will have an internal diameter or Schedule generally smaller or equal to the weldolet.Note that in some cases a short and long radius connection at 90 and 180 degrees will be required which cannot be achieved with the weldolet.In such cases, a part known as Elbolet is used, whose name comes from the English word “elbow” which means elbow and which allows this type of connections with butt weld or even threaded. The main applications are generally found in thermal wells and instrumentation connections.
承插管路台（SW-OUTLET）
Sockolet (SW-OUTLET)
它的名称来自于使用该件在干管和管路间进行相连的冲压类型，SW承插焊。与冲压管路台一样，这种相连是90度分接头中TE的一个很好的选择。除了使用的冲压类型外，与冲压支管台的主要就差别在于，承插管路台通常用作压力较低、管径较小的应用场合。
Its name comes from the type of weld used to make the connection between the main and the branch using this piece, SW socket weld. Like the weldolet, this connection is a great alternative for TE’s in 90-degree taps.Aside from the type of weld used, the main difference with the weldolet is that the sockolet is typically used for applications with lower pressures and smaller pipe diameters.
套管管路台（套管出口）
Threadolet (THD-OUTLET)
简单地说，套管管路台与冲压管路台完全相同，主要就差别在于它通过套管相连到管路。套管管路台与冲压管路台的另一个不同之处在于，它用作压力更低、直径更小的应用场合。根据ASME B1.20.1规范，此类相连的套管通常为NPT型。
Although the difference is one letter, it is important to note that the thredolet is the same connection. The name suggests the main characteristic of this connection since “thread” means thread. In a simple way, it could be said that a threadolet is exactly the same as the weldolet with the main difference being that it connects to the branch pipe through a thread.Another difference of the threadolet with respect to the weldolet is the fact that it is used in applications with much lower pressures and smaller diameters.The thread of this type of connection is generally of the NPT type according to ASME B1.20.1 specifications.But, if they are just an alternative, why use a different type of connection than the classic elbows and TE’s? Well, let me tell you about it.
使用冲压管路台、承插管路台，套管管路台和Merlebach管路台等
Benefits of using alternatives like weldolet, sockolet, threadolet and elbolet
lthough most of the connections made with these alternatives could also be achieved with TE’s and elbows, the fact is that using a weldolet, sockolet, threadolet or elbolet brings a number of benefits, among which the following stand out:
减少冲压工作。虽然一个焊缝需要3个焊缝，但那些零件只需要2个。Reduced welding work. While a weld requires 3 welds with these parts only 2 are needed.由于采用了第一种相连方式，并且得益于那些相连方式的设计，安装速度更快。As a result of the first and thanks to the design of these connections, the installation is faster.它需要更少的内部空间，这在设计管线控制系统时允许更大的灵活性。They require less space, which allows greater flexibility when designing the piping system.由于其漏斗形设计，那些配件不会对流量产生限制。这种设计允许水流在干管和管路间平滑过渡。These fittings do not generate restrictions in the flow thanks to their funnel-shaped design. This design allows the flow to have a smooth transition between the main and the branch.
带有红色流体的冲压管路台、承插管路台，套管管路台和Merlebach管路台
Weldolet, sockolet, threadolet and elbolet with Red Fluid
最终建议
Final recommendations
可能的控制系统顾问体积范围。Range of possible system main pipe sizes.要相连的管路体积（NPS）。Size of the branch pipe to be connected (NPS).管路的内径或管表。Inside diameter or Schedule of the branch pipe.如果已经定义了相连类型（冲压管路台、承插管路台，套管管路台或Merlebach管路台）。Type of connection (weldolet, sockolet, threadolet or elbolet) in case you already have it defined.材料类型和等级。Type and grade of material.
